Heat the ghee or oil in a large pot or deep pan over medium heat. Add all the whole spices and stir frequently until they begin to sizzle and pop, about 1-2 minutes.
2 tablespoons ghee or oil, 2 bay leaves, 1 pod black cardamom, 3 pods green cardamom, 1 cinnamon stick, 1 pod star anise, 2-3 cloves, 1 sprig curry leaves
Add the diced onion and green chili. Sauté, stirring occasionally, until the onions are deep golden brown, about 8-10 minutes. Add the ginger and garlic and sauté for another minute until fragrant.
1 large yellow or sweet onion, 1 green chili, ½ inch piece of ginger, 4 cloves garlic
Add the tomato paste and all the ground spices. Stir everything together and cook for 2-3 minutes, letting the paste and spices toast slightly. The mixture will look very dry and dark, which is exactly what you want.
2 tablespoons tomato paste, 1 tablespoon Kashmiri chili powder, 1 teaspoon garam masala, ½ teaspoon coriander powder, ½ teaspoon cumin powder, ¼ teaspoon turmeric powder
Turn the heat to medium-low. Add the ground lamb, salt, and pepper. Break the meat apart as it cooks and stir to incorporate it fully into the spice mixture, about 3-4 minutes.
1 pound ground lamb, 2 teaspoons kosher salt, ¼ teaspoon Black Pepper
Stir in the fresh mint, then cover the pot and cook on the lowest heat setting for 8-10 minutes.
2 tablespoons fresh mint leaves
Uncover the pot and add the chopped tomato and green peas. Stir and cook for another 3-4 minutes until the tomato softens, the peas are tender, and the lamb is fully cooked through. Taste and adjust salt if needed.
1 medium tomatoes
Top with chopped cilantro and serve over basmati rice or with warm naan.